{"id":5743,"date":"2025-11-15T14:46:07","date_gmt":"2025-11-15T12:46:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gk-usbekistan.de\/?p=5743"},"modified":"2025-11-15T14:49:19","modified_gmt":"2025-11-15T12:49:19","slug":"deutsch-english-uzbekistan-united-states-trade-emerging-upward-dynamics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gk-usbekistan.de\/uz\/2025\/11\/15\/deutsch-english-uzbekistan-united-states-trade-emerging-upward-dynamics\/","title":{"rendered":"O\u2018zbekiston va AQSH o\u2018rtasidagi savdo hamkorligi: faol o\u2018sish tendensiyalari"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

So\u2018nggi o\u2018n yil davomida O\u2018zbekistonning AQSH bilan savdo aloqalari izchil rivojlanib bormoqda. 2024-yilda O\u2018zbekiston AQSHga 431 million AQSH dollari miqdorida tovarlar va xizmatlar eksport qilgan bo\u2018lib, bu 2014-yildagi ko\u2018rsatkichga
\n(42,4 million AQSH dollari) nisbatan qariyb 10 baravarga yuqori hisoblanadi. O\u2018zbekiston eksportida AQSHning ulushi 2014-yildagi 0,3 foizdan 2024-yilda 1,6 foizga yetdi. Bu jarayon mamlakat eksportinining yuqori qiymatli bozorlar tomon diversifikatsiyaning kuchayganidan dalolat beradi.<\/p>\n

Eksport tarkibi<\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u2018zbekistonning AQSHga umumiy eksportida xizmatlar eksportining (TIF TN 99) ulushi yuqori bo\u2018lib, 2024-yilda 274 million AQSH dollarini (63.6 foiz) tashkil etdi. Biroq, so\u2018nggi yillarda sezilarli o\u2018zgarishlar yuz bermoqda. Mineral yoqilg\u2018ilar va neft mahsulotlari (TIF TN 27) eksporti 2020-yildagi 287 ming AQSH dollaridan 2024-yilda 117 million AQSH dollariga yetdi. Natijada, mazkur mahsulotlar xizmatlardan keyingi eng yirik eksport guruhga aylandi. Bu AQSH bozorida O\u2018zbekistonda qayta ishlangan energiya mahsulotlariga (by-products) bo\u2018lgan talabning ortib borayotganini ko\u2018rsatadi.<\/p>\n

An\u2019anaviy sohalardan tashqari, yangi mahsulot turlari eksporti ham yo\u2018lga qo\u2018yilmoqda:<\/p>\n

–\u00a0alyumin va undan tayyorlangan buyumlar (TIF TN 76)<\/strong> eksporti 2020-yilda deyarli eksport qilinmagan bo\u2018lsa, 2024-yilda eksport hajmi 11.4 million AQSH dollariga yetdi;<\/p>\n

1-jadval. O\u2018zbekistondan AQSHga eksport qilinuvchi top 15 ta mahsulotlar
\n<\/strong>(ming AQSH dollarida)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
TIF TN kodi<\/strong><\/td>\nMahsulot nomi<\/strong><\/td>\n2016<\/strong><\/td>\n2017<\/strong><\/td>\n2018<\/strong><\/td>\n2019<\/strong><\/td>\n2020<\/strong><\/td>\n2021<\/strong><\/td>\n2022<\/strong><\/td>\n2023<\/strong><\/td>\n2024<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\nXizmatlar<\/td>\n25378<\/td>\n24144<\/td>\n31945<\/td>\n29843<\/td>\n19890<\/td>\n39774<\/td>\n108056<\/td>\n197042<\/td>\n273907<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\nMineral yoqilg\u2018i, neft va uni qayta ishlash mahsulotlar; bitumlashgan moddalar; mineral mumlar<\/td>\n477<\/td>\n242<\/td>\n112<\/td>\n949<\/td>\n287<\/td>\n2383<\/td>\n906<\/td>\n24076<\/td>\n117281<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\nMis va undan tayyorlangan buyumlar<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n8<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n22217<\/td>\n677<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\nNoorganik kimyo mahsulotlari; qimmatbaho metallar, nodir metallar<\/td>\n19362<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n57<\/td>\n12<\/td>\n122<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\nUchish apparatlari, kosmik apparatlar va ularning qismlari<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n219<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n4209<\/td>\n605<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n10657<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\nYadroviy reaktorlar; qozonlar, uskunalar va mehanik qurilmalar; ularning qismlari<\/td>\n724<\/td>\n4313<\/td>\n910<\/td>\n811<\/td>\n367<\/td>\n1596<\/td>\n5136<\/td>\n367<\/td>\n552<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
07<\/td>\nSabzavotlar va iste\u2019molga yaroqli bo\u2018lgan ildizli mevalar<\/td>\n459<\/td>\n840<\/td>\n935<\/td>\n1354<\/td>\n2065<\/td>\n1970<\/td>\n2253<\/td>\n1949<\/td>\n1894<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
09<\/td>\nQahva, choy va ziravorlar<\/td>\n868<\/td>\n909<\/td>\n985<\/td>\n1419<\/td>\n2343<\/td>\n2651<\/td>\n1289<\/td>\n1176<\/td>\n1661<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\nAlyuminiy va undan tayyorlangan buyumlar<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n18<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n169<\/td>\n123<\/td>\n126<\/td>\n496<\/td>\n349<\/td>\n11444<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\nTabiiy yoki sun\u2019iy yetishtirilgan marvarid, qimmatbaho yoki yarim qimmatbaho toshlar, qimmatbaho metallar<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n2618<\/td>\n688<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n5726<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\nYer usti transport vositalari: temir yo\u2018l yoki tramvaydan tashqari<\/td>\n4348<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n16<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\nKiyim kechak predmetlari va jihozlari, mashina yoki qo\u2018lda to\u2018qilgan trikotaj<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n260<\/td>\n649<\/td>\n98<\/td>\n59<\/td>\n430<\/td>\n455<\/td>\n1122<\/td>\n886<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
08<\/td>\nIste\u2019mol qilinadigan mevalar va yong\u2018oqlar<\/td>\n73<\/td>\n227<\/td>\n418<\/td>\n204<\/td>\n150<\/td>\n459<\/td>\n437<\/td>\n739<\/td>\n942<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nElektr mashinalar va uskunalar, ularning qismlari; ovoz va television tasvir yozib oluvchi apparat<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n167<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n32<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n1065<\/td>\n128<\/td>\n815<\/td>\n425<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\nPlastmassalar va ulardan tayyorlangan buyumlar<\/td>\n119<\/td>\n192<\/td>\n164<\/td>\n283<\/td>\n244<\/td>\n266<\/td>\n323<\/td>\n211<\/td>\n355<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Manba<\/em><\/strong>: <\/strong>O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasi Milliy statistika qo\u2018mitasi<\/p>\n

Samolyot va kosmik texnika ehtiyot qismlari (TIF TN 88)<\/strong> eksporti AQSH 10.6 million AQSH dollarigacha ortdi;<\/p>\n

Qishloq xo\u2018jaligi mahsulotlari<\/strong> shuningdek sabzavotlar (TIF TN 07) hamda qahva, choy va ziravorlarning (TIF TN 09) umumiy eksporti 3,5 million AQSH dollaridan ortdi.<\/p>\n

Umuman olganda, O\u2018zbekistonning AQSHga eksporti tobora kengayib, xomashyo eksportidan sanoat va qishloq xo\u2018jaligi mahsulotlariga yo\u2018nalmoqda, biroq xizmatlar eksportining ustuvorligi hali ham saqlanib qolmoqda.<\/p>\n

Import tarkibi<\/strong><\/p>\n

2024-yilda O\u2018zbekistonning AQSHdan importi 594 million AQSH dollarini yoki jami importning 1,5 foizini tashkil etdi. Import hajmi eksportga nisbatan yuqori bo\u2018lsa-da, tafovut asta-sekin qisqarmoqda. Bu esa xizmatlar, mineral yoqilg\u2018ilar, alyumin va aviatsiya komponentlari eksportining o\u2018sishi bilan bog\u2018liq. Import tarkibi AQSH ta\u2019minotining texnologik darajasini aks ettiradi:<\/p>\n

Mashina va mexanik uskunalar (TIF TN 84) 125 million AQSH dollarlik import hajmi bilan eng katta guruhligicha qolmoqda;<\/p>\n

Samolyotlar va ehtiyot qismlari (TIF TN 88) importi 94 million AQSH dollariga yetdi;<\/p>\n

Transport vositalari (TIF TN 87) importi logistika va infratuzilmadagi rivojlanishlar natijasida 59 million AQSH dollariga teng bo\u2018ldi;<\/p>\n

2-jadval. O\u2018zbekistonga AQSHdan import qilinuvchi top 15 ta mahsulotlar<\/strong>
\n(ming AQSH dollarida)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
TIF TN kodi<\/strong><\/td>\nMahsulot nomi<\/strong><\/td>\n2016<\/strong><\/td>\n2017<\/strong><\/td>\n2018<\/strong><\/td>\n2019<\/strong><\/td>\n2020<\/strong><\/td>\n2021<\/strong><\/td>\n2022<\/strong><\/td>\n2023<\/strong><\/td>\n2024<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\nUchish apparatlari, kosmik apparatlar va ularning qismlari<\/td>\n216776<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n132884<\/td>\n271198<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n213<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n40429<\/td>\n93895<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\nXizmatlar<\/td>\n20784<\/td>\n34161<\/td>\n63976<\/td>\n69166<\/td>\n36853<\/td>\n83086<\/td>\n95777<\/td>\n111929<\/td>\n155175<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\nYadroviy reaktorlar; qozonlar, uskunalar va mehanik qurilmalar; ularning qismlari<\/td>\n81224<\/td>\n32364<\/td>\n36977<\/td>\n67603<\/td>\n67058<\/td>\n66025<\/td>\n72734<\/td>\n103972<\/td>\n124890<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\nFarmatsevtika mahsulotlari<\/td>\n38173<\/td>\n50718<\/td>\n68693<\/td>\n68348<\/td>\n20467<\/td>\n41681<\/td>\n106845<\/td>\n11681<\/td>\n20109<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\nYer usti transport vositalari: temir yo\u2018l yoki tramvaydan tashqari<\/td>\n3546<\/td>\n5207<\/td>\n6586<\/td>\n20366<\/td>\n41977<\/td>\n105946<\/td>\n33857<\/td>\n147947<\/td>\n59356<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nElektr mashinalar va uskunalar, ularning qismlari; ovoz va television tasvir yozib oluvchi apparat,<\/td>\n15506<\/td>\n14202<\/td>\n6220<\/td>\n7915<\/td>\n6863<\/td>\n15160<\/td>\n9260<\/td>\n13088<\/td>\n45821<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\nOptik, fotografik, kinematografik, o\u2018lchov, nazorat, tibbiy yoki jarroxlik asboblari<\/td>\n12753<\/td>\n6727<\/td>\n4736<\/td>\n8045<\/td>\n9300<\/td>\n8805<\/td>\n10861<\/td>\n22550<\/td>\n27338<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\nKauchuk, rezina va ulardan tayyorlangan buyumlar<\/td>\n2390<\/td>\n6426<\/td>\n31575<\/td>\n19816<\/td>\n2018<\/td>\n1802<\/td>\n1279<\/td>\n2668<\/td>\n3747<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\nKimyoviy iplar, kimyoviy to\u2018qimachilik materiallaridan yassi va anologik iplar<\/td>\n747<\/td>\n3732<\/td>\n6488<\/td>\n6365<\/td>\n4328<\/td>\n5856<\/td>\n5312<\/td>\n7153<\/td>\n6129<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\nPlastmassalar va ulardan tayyorlangan buyumlar<\/td>\n717<\/td>\n9938<\/td>\n4401<\/td>\n2761<\/td>\n3684<\/td>\n4022<\/td>\n2879<\/td>\n5823<\/td>\n4421<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\nBoshqa kimyoviy mahsulotlar<\/td>\n1840<\/td>\n1322<\/td>\n1329<\/td>\n1031<\/td>\n20981<\/td>\n1458<\/td>\n2022<\/td>\n1810<\/td>\n4494<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nTurli oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari<\/td>\n407<\/td>\n376<\/td>\n397<\/td>\n532<\/td>\n2100<\/td>\n6253<\/td>\n6332<\/td>\n7206<\/td>\n6645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\nQora metalldan tayyorlangan buyumlar<\/td>\n1111<\/td>\n765<\/td>\n1203<\/td>\n9107<\/td>\n3131<\/td>\n1389<\/td>\n2841<\/td>\n5142<\/td>\n5139<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
02<\/td>\nGo\u2018sht va go\u2018shtli oziq-ovqat submahsulotlari<\/td>\n772<\/td>\n597<\/td>\n797<\/td>\n750<\/td>\n3196<\/td>\n7421<\/td>\n5601<\/td>\n3835<\/td>\n4905<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\nTamaki va sanoatda uni o\u2018rnini bosuvchi, tarkibida nikotini bo\u2018lgan va bo\u2018lmagan mahsulotlar<\/td>\n2234<\/td>\n1466<\/td>\n1420<\/td>\n1498<\/td>\n1886<\/td>\n1615<\/td>\n1187<\/td>\n2898<\/td>\n3056<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Manba<\/em><\/strong>: <\/strong>O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasi Milliy statistika qo\u2018mitasi<\/p>\n

Farmatsevtika mahsulotlariga (TIF TN 30) bo\u2018lgan talab barqarorligicha qolib,
\n20 million AQSH dollarini tashkil etdi;<\/p>\n

Elektr uskunalari (TIF TN 85) hamda aniq o\u2018lchash asboblari (TIF TN 90) birgalikda 73 million AQSH dollaridan ortiq import qilinib, sanoat korxonalari va laboratoriyalarni modernizatsiya qilish jarayonini qo\u2018llab-quvvatlashga xizmat qildi.<\/p>\n

Shuningdek, plastmassa (TIF TN 39), kauchuk (TIF TN 40) va sun\u2019iy tolalar (TIF TN 54) kabi mahsulotlarning izchil importi O\u2018zbekiston korxonalari va AQSH yetkazib beruvchilari o\u2018rtasidagi sanoat hamkorligini kengayishini ta\u2019minlamoqda.<\/p>\n

Savdo tendensiyalari va rivojlanish istiqbollari<\/strong><\/p>\n

2024-yilda O\u2018zbekiston va AQSH o\u2018rtasidagi tashqi savdo aylanmasi 1 milliard AQSH dollaridan oshib, rekord darajaga yetdi. 2021-2024 yillarda O\u2018zbekistonning AQSHga eksporti yiliga o\u2018rtacha 98 foizga, importi esa 26 foizga o\u2018sdi. Bu esa so\u2018nggi yillarda savdo balansining yaxshilanayotganini va eksport tarkibining diversifikatsiya darajasi ortayotganini ko\u2018rsatadi.<\/p>\n

AQSH O\u2018zbekiston uchun nafaqat yuqori qiymatli tovarlar, balki sanoatni modernizatsiya qilish uchun zarur bo\u2018lgan texnologik bilim va kapital manbai bo\u2018lib qolmoqda. Kelajakdagi imkoniyatlar \u201cO\u2018zbekiston \u2013 2030\u201d Strategiyasidagi belgilangan maqsadlarga hamohang ravishda qayta ishlash sanoati kengaytirish, raqamli xizmatlarni rivojlantirish va qo\u2018shma innovatsion loyihalarni amalga oshirish bilan bog\u2018liq bo\u2018ladi.<\/p>\n

Ikki tomonlama savdo o\u2018sishi bilan bir qatorda, O\u2018zbekiston global savdo tizimiga integratsiyalashuvda muhim institutsional bosqichga erishdi. 2024-yil dekabr oyida O\u2018zbekistonning Jahon Savdo Tashkilotiga (WTO) a\u2019zo bo\u2018lishi doirasida tovarlar va xizmatlar bo\u2018yicha ikki tomonlama muzokaralar yakunlangani e\u2019lon qilindi[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

AQSH ning yangi tarif siyosati ta\u2019siri<\/strong><\/p>\n

2025-yil boshida AQSH barcha imtiyozsiz mamlakatlardan import qilinadigan tovarlarga 10 foiz bazaviy tarif joriy etdi, ayrim savdo hamkorlar uchun esa bundan yuqori stavkalar belgilandi.<\/p>\n

Ushbu sharoitda O\u2018zbekiston bazaviy toifadagi davlat sifatida AQSHning o\u2018rtacha tarif stavkasining keskin oshishiga duch keldi. Bunda, AQSHning O\u2018zbekistondan importi uchun o\u2018rtacha tarif stavkasi 2024-yildagi 3,8 foizdan 2025-yilda 18,1 foizga ko\u2018tarildi. Ayniqsa, yoqilg\u2018i va kon mahsulotlari (29,5 foiz) hamda ishlab chiqarish sektori (14,5 foiz) bo\u2018yicha tariflarning sezilarli oshishi o\u2018zbekistonlik eksportyorlar uchun bozorga kirishni qiyinlashtirib, past marjali mahsulotlar eksporti raqobatbardoshligini pasaytirishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

Shunga qaramay, qayta ishlangan oziq-ovqat, to\u2018qimachilik mahsulotlari va sanoat oraliq mahsulotlariga nisbatan mo\u2018tadil tariflar saqlanib qolgan bo\u2018lib, sertifikatlash, logistika va savdo tartib-taomillarini yaxshilash orqali ushbu yo\u2018nalishlarda eksportni kengaytirish imkoniyati mavjud.<\/p>\n

Osiyo mintaqasida O\u2018zbekiston hozirda o\u2018rta pozitsiyani egallaydi: tariflar Qozog\u2018istonga qaraganda yuqori, lekin Xitoy va Hindistonga nisbatan ancha past. Bu O\u2018zbekistonga AQSH bozoriga yo\u2018naltirilgan qayta eksport va yengil sanoat asosidagi ishlab chiqarishni rivojlantirish uchun tarif-neytral platforma<\/strong> sifatida o\u2018zini joylashtirish imkonini beradi.<\/p>\n

MDH va Markaziy Osiyoning ko’plab hamkor davlatlari bilan taqqoslaganda, O’zbekistonga tarif ta\u2019siri o\u2018rtacha va strategik jihatdan boshqarilishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

5<\/strong>–<\/strong>grafik<\/strong>. <\/strong>AQSH tomonidan O\u2018zbekistondan keluvchi importga qo\u2018llaniladigan o\u2018rtacha import bojlari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Soha<\/strong><\/td>\n2025 yil yanvar oyidan ilgarigi tariflar<\/strong><\/td>\nJoriy tariflar<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ishlab chiqarish<\/td>\n4.5%<\/td>\n14.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Qishloq xo\u2018jaligi<\/td>\n3.0%<\/td>\n13.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yoqilg\u2018i va kon mahsulotlari<\/td>\n5.4%<\/td>\n29.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Manba<\/em><\/strong>: UNCTAD Tariff Dashboard.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

O\u2018zbekistonning ta\u2019sir doirasi mintaqaviy standartlarga ko\u2018ra o\u2018rtacha bo\u2018lib qolsa-da, eksportning barqaror o\u2018sishi unumdorlik va sifatni yaxshilash orqali tariflar bilan bog\u2018liq xarajatlar bosimini qoplash qobiliyatiga bog\u2018liq bo\u2018ladi.<\/p>\n

AQSHning yangi tarif rejimi qiyinchiliklar bilan birgalikda imkoniyatlarni ham yaratadi: yangi tariflar kam qayta ishlangan eksportni cheklashi mumkin bo\u2018lsa-da, yuqori qiymatli ishlab chiqarish va qishloq xo\u2018jaligiga o\u2018tishni rag\u2018batlantiradi. Ushbu assimetriyadan foydalanish uchun O\u2018zbekiston AQSh tariflari o\u2018rtacha bo\u2018lgan tarmoqlarni qo\u2018llab-quvvatlashni kuchaytirishi kerak. Savdo proaktiv va investitsiya siyosati bilan O\u2018zbekiston tashqi tarif bosimini eksportni diversifikatsiya qilish va eksportga yo\u2018naltirilgan ishlab chiqarishni jalb qilish imkoniyatiga aylantirishi mumkin.<\/p>\n

AQSH bilan savdo aloqalarini mustahkamlash O\u2018zbekistonning uzoq muddatli diversifikatsiya kun tartibi uchun muhim strategik maqsad bo\u2018lib qolmoqda. Mamlakatning eksport salohiyatining yaxshilanishi, AQShning yangi tarif rejimi doirasida o\u2018rtacha ta\u2019sir doirasi bilan birgalikda, mintaqada ishlab chiqarish va qayta eksport qilish uchun raqobatbardosh, tarifsiz neytral markaz sifatida o\u2018zini qayta ko\u2018rsatish uchun noyob imkoniyat yaratadi. Bunga erishish uchun barqaror institutsional muvofiqlashtirish, takomillashtirilgan logistika va sertifikatlash tizimlari hamda mintaqaviy va global savdo sherikliklarida faol ishtirok etish talab etiladi.<\/p>\n

Babadjanov\u00a0 Muhammad<\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasi huzuridagi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Makroiqtisodiy va hududiy tadqiqotlar instituti Loyiha rahbari<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]https:\/\/ustr.gov\/about-us\/policy-offices\/press-office\/press-releases\/2024\/december\/statement-ambassador-katherine-tai-uzbekistans-work-toward-accession-world-trade-organization<\/a><\/p>\n

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